Cryptococcus neoformans as a rare cause of hospital infection.

blockers did not seem to be a risk factor for CDI in patients who underwent allogeneic SCT. Diarrhea was a very common complication of hematologic malignancy in patients who underwent SCT. In fact, only 3 patients did not develop diarrhea during their hospitalization. Almost one-third of the patients who underwent allogeneic SCT also received a diagnosis of CDI. Previous studies have reported increased rates of CDI among allogeneic SCT recipients of 13%' and 20%, and a more recent publication reported a CDI rate of 27.3% among such patients—a rate comparable to our reported rate. In our study, all CDI cases occurred among leukemic patients, and 60% of the patients with acute myeloid leukemia developed CDI. This association was evident over a 4.5-year period and was not associated with any temporal clustering of CDI cases. However, leukemia was also associated with higher rates of prior hospitalization and prior antibiotic use.